Our educational scope follows the lifecycle of physical precious metals.
01
The metal
Gold, silver, platinum and palladium.
02
The specification
Weight, form, purity, fineness and identification.
03
The price
Spot references, premiums, bid, offer and physical-market spreads.
04
The trade
Firm pricing, confirmations and settlement.
05
The ownership
Allocation, title, serial numbers and custody records.
06
The vault
Segregation, insurance, audit and withdrawal.
07
The exit
Delivery, buy-back, assay and resale.
08
The commercial use
Metal-backed liquidity, recurring accumulation and institutional or industrial supply.